Philosophical research -- Hegel, Master-Slave dialectic (I)

“And it is solely by risking life that freedom is obtained; only thus is it tried and proved that the essential nature of self-consciousness is not bare existence, is not the merely immediate form in which it at first makes its appearance, is not its mere absorption in the expanse of life. Rather it is thereby guaranteed that there is nothing present but what might be taken as a vanishing moment — that self-consciousness is merely pure self-existence, being-for-self. The individual, who has not staked his life, may, no doubt, be recognized as a Person; but he has not attained the truth of this recognition as an independent self-consciousness.”              ————Master-slave dialectic by Hegel
 
黑格尔对于独立意识的资格要求很高，只有敢把命拿出来放在赌桌上的人才配能成为独立。 面对哲学家的观点时往往先要抛去”正确或是错误“的想法，先去想想这些观点“为什么”被提出。人的自我意识由”自我认知“，”自我体验“以及”自我控制“所构成。黑格尔的意思我理解为，假如世界上没有他人，这三个要素都无法完成。 

举个例子，PUA（pick-up artist），其原本是指男性接受过系统化学习、实践并不断更新提升、自我完善情商的行为，后来泛指很会吸引异性、让异性着迷的人和其相关行为，在如今的中国社会环境则更多的理解为感情诈骗。 PUA实际上就是在摧毁对方的自我意识。
 
”你不好“，”你对自己不满意“，”你要按照我说的去做才能成为一个更好的人“。PUA的受害者都是这种评价与判断的接收者，之所以PUA被社会抵制，正是因为人们知道他们需要和能够给予自己客观评价的人在一起。因为需要，所以重要，人的“自己”很大程度上是他人反应给你的，人的最初被评价来源于父母，随着人生还会遇到老师，朋友，老板。人们会诉说，会反驳，会争辩，会抱怨。当这些话被说出的时候， 人内在的自认为独立和饱满的个体对他人的“承认”的渴望。
 
黑格尔认为：人类在原始社会中与动物不同的点就在于，他们内心有一种超越所有物质的强烈激情：“寻求承认”。一旦人得不到外界的承认，他便会感到自我意识面临崩塌，人与人的斗争便开始了。斗争的结果往往是，一方冒着生命的危险豁出去了，而另一方则为了保全性命认怂了，主奴关系形成。主之所以为主，奴之所以为奴，不在于物质财务的的多少，阶级地位的高低，而在于他们对待死亡的态度。奴隶出于对死亡的恐惧自甘成为奴隶，主人则通过证明自己可以完全的超越“自我保护”这个强大的生物本能得以宣称自己是一个完全自由的人。 
 
“And it is solely by risking life that freedom is obtained; only thus is it tried and proved that the essential nature of self-consciousness is not bare existence, is not the merely immediate form in which it at first makes its appearance, is not its mere absorption in the expanse of life. Rather it is thereby guaranteed that there is nothing present but what might be taken as a vanishing moment — that self-consciousness is merely pure self-existence, being-for-self. The individual, who has not staked his life, may, no doubt, be recognized as a Person; but he has not attained the truth of this recognition as an independent self-consciousness.”              ————Master-slave dialectic by Hegel
 
Hegel's qualification for independence consciousness is very high, and only those who dare to put their lives on the gambling table deserve to be independent. When confronted with a philosopher's point of view, it is often necessary to put aside the "right or wrong" idea and consider the "why" of the point of view. A person's self-awareness consists of "self-knowledge", "self-experience" and "self-control". What Hegel means, I understand, is that none of these elements can be accomplished without other people in the world.
 
For example, PUA (pick-up artist) originally refers to the behavior of men who have received systematic learning and practice and constantly updated and improved their emotional intelligence. Later, PUA generally refers to those who are very attractive and attractive to the opposite sex and their related behaviors. In today's Chinese social environment, PUA is more understood as emotional fraud. PUA is essentially destroying the other person's sense of self.
 
"You are not good." "You are not happy with yourself." "You need to do what I tell you to be a better person." The victims of PUA are the recipients of this evaluation and judgment, and PUA is rejected by society precisely because people know they need to be with someone who can give them an objective evaluation. Because of need, so important. A person's "self" is to a large extent reflected by others. A person's initial evaluation comes from his/her parents. Along with his/her life, he/she will meet teachers, friends and bosses. People will talk, people will argue, people will complain. When these words are spoken, the desire for "acceptance" of others is inherent in the individual who thinks of himself as independent and full.
 
Hegel believed that the difference between human beings and animals in primitive society is that they have a strong passion in their hearts beyond all material things: "seeking recognition". As soon as a man is denied external recognition, he will feel that his sense of self is facing collapse, and the struggle between man and man begins. The result of the struggle is that one side risks his life, while the other side gives up to save his life, and the relationship between master and slave is formed. The reason why the master is the master and the slave is the slave is not the amount of material financial and class status, but their attitude towards death. The slave willingly became a slave out of fear of death, and the master claimed to be a fully free man by proving that he could transcend the powerful biological instinct of self-preservation.